09. Heat and Mass Transfer

Magnetic force on the paramagnetic material depends both on the magnetic field and the local temperature. This suggests that the natural convection of the paramagnetic fluid can be controlled by an external magnetic field. A locally-intensive magnetic field by permanent magnets has a possibility to shift the laminar natural convection to unsteady one, resulting in the heat transfer enhancement not only at the magnet location but also above the region above. In this study, experimental results are evaluated by three-dimensional numerical simulation and the mechanism is discussed.